Pascal a



(dl-uitrit Stairs `atari; (time Leners Param No. 97,442,11aa November3o, 1869.

IMPRovED SAILING-VESSEL `Fon SToRING AND TRANSPORTING PETROLEUM ANDOTHER oILs. 4

The Schedule referred to in thes'e Lettera Patent and making part of thesame.

I, PASCAL AQUINAN, of the city of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland,have invented certain lmprovements in a Sailing-Vessel for Stowin g andTrailsporting Petroleum and other Oils, of which the'following isaspecfication.

The objects of my invention are to construct a vessel of iron, to bepropelled by the ordinary method, with masts, rigging, and sails, forcarrying oil in bulk,

thus avoiding the necessity' for barrels, separate tanks,

or Aother vessels for holding the oil, and, at the same time, securingthe cargo from the danger of combustion, leakage, and other damageincident to the ordinary means of transportation; also, vto enable avessel to carry a much larger amount of oil than` could possibiyotherwise be the case by the usual mode, and also to economize in theexpense of loading and discharging cargo, cooperage, carting, housing,and storing, which is accomplished by my plan of' pouring the oil, bymeansof hose, or other simple device, directly into the ship.l

Figure 1 isa longitudinal sectional view. Figure 2 is a plan view of thedeck.

Figure 3 is a transverse section from a-b.

Figure 4 is a view of the oil-register.

Figure 5 is the iloat for the same.

Figure 6 is the screw-cap for deck.

Figure 7 is a man-hole plate.

,Figure 8 is the escape-yalve.

Figure 9, section of wooden tank, having escape- Figure 10, section ofiron mast, with escape-valve.

A is the hull, constructed of' iron plate riveted to iron ribs, withoutinside skill, but divided into a convenientnumber of oil-reservoirs T,see figs. l and 2 B are the bilgc-pumps, which pass through the deck IC, ihr the purpose-ot' keeping the run or hilgc free of water. Thesepumps have no well, and pass to within a short distance of the floor of'the vessel.

'lhe interior of the vessel is divided longitudinally, fore and aft,throughout'its entire length, by a partition or bulkhead, l),constructed, preferably, of boilerplate fastened to angle-iron. By thismeans'the oil is prevented from surging, or shifting from side to side,

when the vessel or ship lies over on its side or careens, andthe vesselis also greatly strengthened and stiffened by said bulkhead.

A sufficient number of transverse bulkheads, E E E, are also inserted,to divide the interior into separate compartments, for carryingdiliercnt kinds ot' oil and better stowage. All of the said compartmentsare intended to be perfectly tight, so that one should not be affectedby a leak in another.v

Fis a fresh-water tank or compartment, just above the kelsonan'lidships, with a roof or tight cover of'4 iron, and contains thewaterfor the vessels use, and communicates with the' deck above by a. pipe,a, intended for a pump.

Above said water-tank, in the space marked 1S, provisions arc stored,with a hatchway, b, for access to the same.

The deck of this iron vessel isl perfectly tight, having nocommunication with the oil save by circular holes c, each about threeinches in diameter, and leading into'the oil-compartments below, andeach filled with a screw-cap, fig. 6, which will be removed, whennecessary to pump oil in or out.

To allow for the escape of' gas, each oil-compartment is fitted with anescape-pipe, or, preferably, each mast,

if' of wood, is furnished with such escape-'pipe d, or each mast, if' ofiron, may be tubular, and serve as such escape-pipe.

, 'lo prevent waste and deterioration, each escapepipe or iron -mast hasa valve, e, fitted in, from twenty to thirty feet, lor other convenientdistance above the deck.

Each compartment is fitted with a floating register, j; see figs. 4 and5, passing through a suitable pipe, g, fig. 4, and having a graduatedscale showing the exact height of the oil -iu each reservoir. v

For the purposes, of' repairs and cleaning the different reservoirs,there areufitted man-hole plates h, perfectly water and oil-tigh It iswell known that the coal-oil of commerce, of' 11()o Fahrenheit standardfire-test, cannot ignite except' by the actual presence of' flame, whenheated tothat degree hence there cannot be danger of combustion, savefrom such contact, and such contact cannot occur in this sailingoil-vessel, as no lcommunication is allowed with said oil, nor can theinflammable oil or gas come into contat with' the dame, as isv sometimesthe case in ordinary wooden and other vessels, by the permeatiou of theescaping gas, or bythe incantious use of candles, lamps, or otherlightedmatter, in the hold cabin, or otherplaces into which the gas has flowed.

Should the vesselA not bleiullof' oil, if desired, water can be'admitted, upon which 'the oil, from its less specific gravity, willfloat, and the oil can be pumped out at pleasure.

Should the vessel leak, no harm can ensue to the oil, an admixture ofrit with water being impossible, and the water can be pumped out, asindicated. The register showing the actual Height of the oil in theship, and its capacity, and that of each compartment being accuratelyknown, the ,real amount of oil can, by simplecalculation, 'easily beascertained.

The advantages of my improvements are as follows:

First. lhe cost of constructing my safety iroutransport, or sailingoil-vessel, is lessthan for constructing one on the ordinary plan, owingto the absence of interior decks and ceilings, while my oil-vessel caneasily be adapted to the ordinary purposes of transportation;

Second. The entire cost of the barrels is saved by my plan. As eachbarrel costs from two to three dollars, in a small vessel of fifteenhundred barrels (or sixty thousand gallons) stowage, at least fourthousand dollars would be saved in this single item alone, besidesallowing about thirty per cent. more carrying capacity, thus obviatingobjections that may Wellbe urged against anyplan of separate tanksntbehold of a ship, which latter plan necessitates great additional expense,Vbesides loss of room; and

Third. The danger of accidental fire is rendered nearly, if not quiteimpossible, thus lessening rates of insurance, great loss, dto.

I claim, as my invention- 1. The combination ofthe hull A, deck O, foreand aft vertical bulkhead D, transverse bulkheads E E E,

b, fresh-Water pump a, all constructed and arranged, and for the purposedescribed.

,2. The combination of the oil-reservoirs 'l with the bilge-pnmps B,floating register j, register-pipe g, the circular holes c, with thescrew-caps c, with the hull vA and deck O, all constructed and arranged,and for the purpose described.

3. The escape-pipe d and valve e, as fitted to mast, with valve easscrewed into tubular iron mast, all constructed and arranged, and forthe'purpose described.

4. The safety iron transport, or sailing oil-vessel, with thepartsABGDEFSTabcdefgh, all combined, arranged, and cmzstUcte'dsubstantially as and for the purpose described.

PASCAL A: QUINAN.

Witnesses:

Jas. MoGoRMxcx, FnANcIs B. (muslim.v

.with the waterfreservoir F, provision-hold S, hatchway-

